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A. Y. 2025 - 2026

Sustainable AI to improve better regulation tools

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May 2026

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In short

  • We live in a regulated world. Regulation is everywhere and affects our choices and behaviour, as well as those whose services and products we use. The course provides a unique educational opportunity to understand how regulation is shaped and implemented and how to improve it as citizens or as L&E experts. The course provides an original and contemporary approach to better regulation, re-framed in the light of behavioral insights, as well as by embracing (sustainable) artificial intelligence as a tool to improve the quality of regulation. 

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  • Better Regulation is a multidisciplinary course of 20 hours. 
    The course is devoted to the main better regulation tools, such as impact assessment and consultation. These tools are addressed theoretically and through specific exercises, their pros and cons are discussed, as well as how to improve them as citizens or as L&E experts. A transnational approach to them is suggested, while utilizing the EU experience as a model. Throughout the course, participants are also exposed to real regulatory problems by participating in a European consultation process, and by encountering leading better regulation experts and professionals. Two study visits are organized, at the Italian Regulatory Scrutiny Board (where two members of the body will give a lecture and lead an exercise) and at the Italian independent authority for electronic communication (one of the EMLE’s associated partners).

  • Students are involved in interactive lessons (e.g., based on in-class exercises and the participation to real consultation process), as well as in dialogues with professionals and experts (e.g.,, seminars on “law and regulation in action” and a meeting with the Italian Regulatory Scrutiny Board). 

 

In-class exercises.

  • Those are graded on a scale from 1 to 10. Each activity is weighted differently depending on the commitment required. The exercises are organised as follows:

  • Nudging and empowerment (20 %).

  • Analysis of an impact assessment (40 %).

  • Participation in a real consultation process (40 %).

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Final assessment.

  • The final assessment is framed as a regulatory problem to be solved. It is written and is meant to verify the understanding and acquisition of critical thinking skills. Students are asked to solve problems related to major class topics. It is graded from 0 to 10.  

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  • Final grade: 80% final assessment + 20 % in-class exercises.

Teaching method and assessment

Final thesis

Hereafter is a list of topics for which the final thesis can be requested to the course holder or experts from the university teaching staff or partners.

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  • Artificial intelligence for rule-making and law-making.

  • Artificial intelligence regulation.

  • Behavioural regulation.

  • Regulatory delivery.

  • Risk-based regulation.

  • Digital markets regulation.

  • Corruption prevention.

  • Lobbying.

  • Consultations and stakeholders’ inclusion tools

  • Ex post evaluation.

  • Regulatory Impact Assessment.

  • Drafting.

  • Participative and deliberative democracy.

  • Simplification.

  • Regulatory sandboxes.

  • Regulatory and administrative burden measurement.

  • Soft regulation.

  • Competition advocacy and enforcement.

  • Transparency.


​Additionally, each year, EMLE associated partners can propose topics/titles on which they have an interest in supervising theses through their representatives. The topics/titles will be shared in November/December.​

  • Sunstein, C. (2023), Advanced introduction to Behavioral law and Economics, EE publishing. 

  • Baldwin R., Cave M. (2021), Taming the corporation. How to regulate for success, OUP

  • Blanc F. (2020), Regulation, Regulatory Delivery, Trust and Distrust, in De Benedetto M., Lupo N., and Rangone N. (eds.), The crisis of confidence in legislation (Nomos/Hart)

  • Thaler R.H., Sunstein C.R. (2021), Nudge. The final edition, Penguin

  • Zamir E, Techman D. (2021), Behavioural law and economics, OUP

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(a final reference list of papers is provided at the beginning of the course)

References

Internship opportunities

  • Excellent professional contacts are provided thanks to internship opportunities with EMLE associated partners, i.e. AGCOM (the Italian authority for electronic communication regulation and supervision), CONSOB (the Italian authority for financial markets regulation and supervision), GSE (the Italian public-owned company responsible for the promotion of renewable resources); LEAR (a specialized economic consultancy that offers services in the field of competition policy,  regulation and  procurement); CIMEA - Centro Informazioni Mobilità Equivalenze Accademiche

  • Students might also profit from other internship opportunities related to the Jean Monnet Chair on EU approach to better regulation

  • Job opportunities might come from invited experts as well. For instance, four EMLE students are currently working for the OECD and at the ASTRID foundation.

Instructor and tutor

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